United States Natural Resources Water and Climate Center Department of Conservation Portland, Oregon Agriculture Service S N O W - P R E C I P I T A T I O N U P D A T E Based on Mountain Data from NRCS SNOTEL Sites As of WEDNESDAY: NOVEMBER 4 , 2009 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- BASIN ELEV. SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT TOTAL PRECIPITATION Data Site Name (Ft) % % Current Average Avg Current Average Avg ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- MONTANA KOOTENAI RIVER BASIN BANFIELD MOUNTAIN 5600 .0 1.1 0* 3.5 2.9 121 BEAR MOUNTAIN 5400 1.3 4.0 33* 9.0 7.8 115 GARVER CREEK 4250 1.1 .8 138* 3.3 2.4 138 GRAVE CREEK 4300 .8 .7 114* 7.0 4.2 167 HAND CREEK 5035 .0 .8 0* 3.1 2.2 141 HAWKINS LAKE 6450 2.1 2.2 95* 6.1 3.7 165 POORMAN CREEK 5100 .0 1.3 0* 11.6 4.9 237 STAHL PEAK 6030 5.7 3.7 154* 8.5 4.7 181 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 75* 159 FLATHEAD RIVER BASIN BADGER PASS 6900 5.2 3.0 173* 7.0 4.4 159 BISSON CREEK 4920 .5 .5 100* 3.8 3.0 127 EMERY CREEK 4350 .4 .8 50* 4.9 3.1 158 FLATTOP MTN. 6300 4.7 3.5 134* 8.9 6.2 144 GRAVE CREEK 4300 .8 .7 114* 7.0 4.2 167 HAND CREEK 5035 .0 .8 0* 3.1 2.2 141 KRAFT CREEK 4750 .0 .7 0* 5.1 3.4 150 MANY GLACIER 4900 .0 .6 0* 6.4 4.9 131 MOSS PEAK 6780 6.1 3.5 174* 7.8 5.1 153 NOISY BASIN 6040 4.3 3.4 126* 8.4 4.4 191 NORTH FORK JOCKO 6330 2.4 2.8 86* 8.5 6.4 133 PIKE CREEK 5930 .0 1.6 0* 6.3 3.6 175 SLEEPING WOMAN 6150 .0 .8 0* 3.2 3.4 94 STAHL PEAK 6030 5.7 3.7 154* 8.5 4.7 181 STUART MOUNTAIN 7400 1.8 1.6 113* 3.9 3.6 108 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 114* 148 UPPER CLARK FORK RIVER BASIN BARKER LAKES 8250 7.1 2.3 309 7.4 2.6 285 BASIN CREEK 7180 2.1 1.2 175 2.8 1.6 175 BLACK PINE 7210 .4 .8 50* 2.7 2.0 135 COMBINATION 5600 .0 .1 0* 2.2 1.3 169 COPPER BOTTOM 5200 .0 .4 0* 2.2 2.0 110 COPPER CAMP 6950 1.3 -M * 4.6 3.8 121 LUBRECHT FLUME 4680 .0 .1 0* 1.6 1.7 94 NEVADA RIDGE 7020 1.2 .7 171* 3.1 2.2 141 N FK ELK CREEK 6250 .0 .5 0* 1.8 1.9 95 NORTH FORK JOCKO 6330 2.4 2.8 86* 8.5 6.4 133 PETERSON MEADOWS 7200 2.1 .9 233* 2.5 1.9 132 ROCKER PEAK 8000 3.7 1.6 231* 3.9 2.1 186 SKALKAHO SUMMIT 7250 1.0 1.5 67* 2.9 2.7 107 STUART MOUNTAIN 7400 1.8 1.6 113* 3.9 3.6 108 WARM SPRINGS 7800 4.2 2.0 210* 4.1 3.4 121 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 158* 138 BITTERROOT RIVER BASIN DALY CREEK 5780 .4 .6 67* 2.1 1.8 117 LOLO PASS 5240 .3 1.6 19* 3.5 3.7 95 NEZ PERCE CAMP 5650 .0 .6 0* 3.2 2.4 133 SADDLE MTN. 7940 1.4 1.7 82* 2.4 2.6 92 SKALKAHO SUMMIT 7250 1.0 1.5 67* 2.9 2.7 107 TWELVEMILE CREEK 5600 .0 .6 0* 4.7 3.6 131 TWIN LAKES 6400 1.1 2.1 52* 6.6 4.7 140 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 48* 118 LOWER CLARK FORK RIVER BASIN HOODOO BASIN 6050 .9 2.6 35* 5.4 5.9 92 HUMBOLDT GULCH 4250 .0 .2 0* 5.5 4.8 115 LOLO PASS 5240 .3 1.6 19* 3.5 3.7 95 LOOKOUT 5140 .0 1.3 0* 4.8 4.5 107 POORMAN CREEK 5100 .0 1.3 0* 11.6 4.9 237 SLEEPING WOMAN 6150 .0 .8 0* 3.2 3.4 94 STUART MOUNTAIN 7400 1.8 1.6 113* 3.9 3.6 108 SUNSET 5540 .0 2.0 0* 4.6 4.5 102 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 26* 120 JEFFERSON RIVER BASIN ALBRO LAKE 8300 5.7 2.3 248* 6.5 3.5 186 BARKER LAKES 8250 7.1 2.3 309 7.4 2.6 285 BASIN CREEK 7180 2.1 1.2 175 2.8 1.6 175 BEAGLE SPRINGS 8850 4.4 .6 733* 5.1 1.8 283 BLOODY DICK 7600 .4 .8 50* 2.6 2.2 118 CALVERT CREEK 6430 .0 .2 0* 1.5 1.3 115 CLOVER MEADOW 8600 3.3 2.5 132 4.4 2.7 163 DARKHORSE LAKE 8600 5.7 2.6 219* 5.6 3.4 165 DIVIDE 7800 1.0 1.0 100* 2.5 1.7 147 FROHNER MEADOW 6480 .4 .6 67* 3.1 2.1 148 LAKEVIEW RIDGE 7400 .0 .8 0* 3.5 2.3 152 LEMHI RIDGE 8100 2.1 .8 263* 3.5 2.0 175 LOWER TWIN 7900 3.4 2.1 162* 4.9 3.3 148 MOOSE CREEK 6200 .4 1.0 40* 2.3 2.1 110 MULE CREEK 8300 3.5 1.3 269* 4.3 2.3 187 ROCKER PEAK 8000 3.7 1.6 231* 3.9 2.1 186 SADDLE MTN. 7940 1.4 1.7 82* 2.4 2.6 92 SHORT CREEK 7000 .6 .8 75 2.5 1.7 147 WHITE ELEPHANT 7710 1.1 1.6 69* 3.3 3.2 103 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 179* 162 MADISON RIVER BASIN ALBRO LAKE 8300 5.7 2.3 248* 6.5 3.5 186 BEAVER CREEK 7850 2.1 1.5 140* 3.7 2.8 132 BLACK BEAR 8170 4.7 3.2 147* 6.0 4.2 143 CARROT BASIN 9000 4.6 3.3 139 5.1 3.6 142 CLOVER MEADOW 8600 3.3 2.5 132 4.4 2.7 163 LONE MOUNTAIN 8880 3.2 1.8 178* 4.1 3.0 137 LOWER TWIN 7900 3.4 2.1 162* 4.9 3.3 148 MADISON PLATEAU 7750 2.2 1.9 116* 5.1 2.9 176 TEPEE CREEK 8000 1.3 1.0 130* 2.1 1.9 111 WEST YELLOWSTONE 6700 .0 .6 0* 2.6 1.6 163 WHISKEY CREEK 6800 .0 1.0 0* 3.2 2.6 123 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 144* 149 GALLATIN RIVER BASIN BEAVER CREEK 7850 2.1 1.5 140* 3.7 2.8 132 BRACKETT CREEK 7320 2.9 1.4 207* 6.2 3.4 182 CARROT BASIN 9000 4.6 3.3 139 5.1 3.6 142 LICK CREEK 6860 1.3 1.0 130* 3.6 2.7 133 LONE MOUNTAIN 8880 3.2 1.8 178* 4.1 3.0 137 SACAJAWEA 6550 1.1 .5 220* 6.0 3.1 194 SHOWER FALLS 8100 5.5 3.0 183 4.7 4.1 115 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 166* 147 MISSOURI HEADWATERS ALBRO LAKE 8300 5.7 2.3 248* 6.5 3.5 186 BARKER LAKES 8250 7.1 2.3 309 7.4 2.6 285 BASIN CREEK 7180 2.1 1.2 175 2.8 1.6 175 BEAGLE SPRINGS 8850 4.4 .6 733* 5.1 1.8 283 BEAVER CREEK 7850 2.1 1.5 140* 3.7 2.8 132 BLACK BEAR 8170 4.7 3.2 147* 6.0 4.2 143 BLOODY DICK 7600 .4 .8 50* 2.6 2.2 118 BRACKETT CREEK 7320 2.9 1.4 207* 6.2 3.4 182 CALVERT CREEK 6430 .0 .2 0* 1.5 1.3 115 CARROT BASIN 9000 4.6 3.3 139 5.1 3.6 142 CLOVER MEADOW 8600 3.3 2.5 132 4.4 2.7 163 DARKHORSE LAKE 8600 5.7 2.6 219* 5.6 3.4 165 DIVIDE 7800 1.0 1.0 100* 2.5 1.7 147 FROHNER MEADOW 6480 .4 .6 67* 3.1 2.1 148 LAKEVIEW RIDGE 7400 .0 .8 0* 3.5 2.3 152 LEMHI RIDGE 8100 2.1 .8 263* 3.5 2.0 175 LICK CREEK 6860 1.3 1.0 130* 3.6 2.7 133 LONE MOUNTAIN 8880 3.2 1.8 178* 4.1 3.0 137 LOWER TWIN 7900 3.4 2.1 162* 4.9 3.3 148 MADISON PLATEAU 7750 2.2 1.9 116* 5.1 2.9 176 MOOSE CREEK 6200 .4 1.0 40* 2.3 2.1 110 MULE CREEK 8300 3.5 1.3 269* 4.3 2.3 187 ROCKER PEAK 8000 3.7 1.6 231* 3.9 2.1 186 SACAJAWEA 6550 1.1 .5 220* 6.0 3.1 194 SADDLE MTN. 7940 1.4 1.7 82* 2.4 2.6 92 SHORT CREEK 7000 .6 .8 75 2.5 1.7 147 SHOWER FALLS 8100 5.5 3.0 183 4.7 4.1 115 TEPEE CREEK 8000 1.3 1.0 130* 2.1 1.9 111 WEST YELLOWSTONE 6700 .0 .6 0* 2.6 1.6 163 WHISKEY CREEK 6800 .0 1.0 0* 3.2 2.6 123 WHITE ELEPHANT 7710 1.1 1.6 69* 3.3 3.2 103 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 163* 155 HEADWATERS MISSOURI MAINSTEM BOULDER MOUNTAIN 7950 4.8 1.7 282* 5.4 2.9 186 FROHNER MEADOW 6480 .4 .6 67* 3.1 2.1 148 NEVADA RIDGE 7020 1.2 .7 171* 3.1 2.2 141 ROCKER PEAK 8000 3.7 1.6 231* 3.9 2.1 186 TIZER BASIN 6880 2.9 1.2 242 3.7 2.3 161 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 224* 166 SMITH, JUDITH, AND MUSSELSHELL RIVER BASINS BOULDER MOUNTAIN 7950 4.8 1.7 282* 5.4 2.9 186 CRYSTAL LAKE 6050 6.3 1.0 630* 8.4 2.8 300 DAISY PEAK 7600 3.5 .9 389* 4.7 1.5 313 DEADMAN CREEK 6450 1.5 .4 375* 4.5 1.6 281 ELK PEAK 7600 4.0 -M * 2.9 -M * ONION PARK 7410 4.0 1.2 333* 6.2 2.0 310 PICKFOOT CREEK 6650 1.7 .5 340* 4.3 2.3 187 PORCUPINE 6500 .0 .3 0* 3.1 2.2 141 SPUR PARK 8100 5.5 2.1 262* 5.5 2.5 220 STRINGER CREEK 6550 2.7 .5 540* 5.5 1.8 306 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 349* 243 SUN, TETON AND MARIAS RIVER BASINS BADGER PASS 6900 5.2 3.0 173* 7.0 4.4 159 DUPUYER CREEK 5750 .0 .4 0* 3.9 2.7 144 MOUNT LOCKHART 6400 1.7 1.6 106* 4.0 3.2 125 PIKE CREEK 5930 .0 1.6 0* 6.3 3.6 175 WALDRON 5600 .0 .6 0* 2.9 2.5 116 WOOD CREEK 5960 .0 .4 0* 4.0 2.3 174 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 91* 150 MISSOURI MAINSTEM RIVER BASIN BADGER PASS 6900 5.2 3.0 173* 7.0 4.4 159 BOULDER MOUNTAIN 7950 4.8 1.7 282* 5.4 2.9 186 CRYSTAL LAKE 6050 6.3 1.0 630* 8.4 2.8 300 DAISY PEAK 7600 3.5 .9 389* 4.7 1.5 313 DEADMAN CREEK 6450 1.5 .4 375* 4.5 1.6 281 DUPUYER CREEK 5750 .0 .4 0* 3.9 2.7 144 ELK PEAK 7600 4.0 -M * 2.9 -M * FROHNER MEADOW 6480 .4 .6 67* 3.1 2.1 148 MOUNT LOCKHART 6400 1.7 1.6 106* 4.0 3.2 125 NEVADA RIDGE 7020 1.2 .7 171* 3.1 2.2 141 ONION PARK 7410 4.0 1.2 333* 6.2 2.0 310 PICKFOOT CREEK 6650 1.7 .5 340* 4.3 2.3 187 PIKE CREEK 5930 .0 1.6 0* 6.3 3.6 175 PORCUPINE 6500 .0 .3 0* 3.1 2.2 141 ROCKER PEAK 8000 3.7 1.6 231* 3.9 2.1 186 ROCKY BOY 4700 .9 .3 300* 4.0 1.6 250 SPUR PARK 8100 5.5 2.1 262* 5.5 2.5 220 STRINGER CREEK 6550 2.7 .5 540* 5.5 1.8 306 TIZER BASIN 6880 2.9 1.2 242 3.7 2.3 161 WALDRON 5600 .0 .6 0* 2.9 2.5 116 WOOD CREEK 5960 .0 .4 0* 4.0 2.3 174 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 223* 192 ST. MARY AND MILK RIVER BASINS FLATTOP MTN. 6300 4.7 3.5 134* 8.9 6.2 144 MANY GLACIER 4900 .0 .6 0* 6.4 4.9 131 ROCKY BOY 4700 .9 .3 300* 4.0 1.6 250 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 127* 152 UPPER YELLOWSTONE RIVER BASIN BEARTOOTH LAKE 9360 3.7 3.1 119 3.1 2.5 124 BOX CANYON 6670 .8 .5 160* 3.2 1.9 168 BRACKETT CREEK 7320 2.9 1.4 207* 6.2 3.4 182 BURNT MTN 5880 .0 .3 0* 4.6 3.5 131 CANYON 7870 1.4 .8 175* 2.9 2.2 132 COLE CREEK 7850 5.8 3.1 187 4.7 3.7 127 EAST BOULDER MINE 6335 .0 -M * 3.7 -M * EVENING STAR 9200 4.8 3.2 150* 5.7 3.3 173 FISHER CREEK 9100 5.0 3.2 156* 5.5 3.9 141 MONUMENT PEAK 8850 4.0 2.4 167 4.0 2.9 138 NORTHEAST ENTRANCE 7350 .0 .4 0* 2.7 1.8 150 PARKER PEAK 9400 4.7 3.0 157 3.9 2.6 150 PLACER BASIN 8830 4.9 2.8 175 5.8 3.4 171 PORCUPINE 6500 .0 .3 0* 3.1 2.2 141 SACAJAWEA 6550 1.1 .5 220* 6.0 3.1 194 SHOWER FALLS 8100 5.5 3.0 183 4.7 4.1 115 S FORK SHIELDS 8100 3.7 1.8 206* 6.0 3.2 188 SYLVAN LAKE 8420 1.4 2.4 58* 3.1 3.0 103 SYLVAN ROAD 7120 .0 .7 0* 2.6 2.5 104 THUMB DIVIDE 7980 .9 1.1 82* 4.1 2.4 171 TWO OCEAN PLATEAU 9240 4.8 3.6 133 3.7 3.6 103 WHITE MILL 8700 4.0 2.3 174* 3.8 3.2 119 WOLVERINE 7650 .0 .6 0* 2.1 2.1 100 YOUNTS PEAK 8350 2.1 1.7 124* 2.2 2.2 100 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 146* 140 WIND RIVER BASIN (WYOMING) BURROUGHS CREEK 8750 2.9 1.2 242* 2.9 2.0 145 COLD SPRINGS 9630 2.5 1.3 192 3.0 2.2 136 DEER PARK 9700 4.6 3.0 153 5.7 3.0 190 HOBBS PARK 10100 5.1 2.6 196 4.9 2.5 196 KIRWIN 9550 2.9 2.3 126 2.5 2.1 119 LITTLE WARM 9370 1.9 1.2 158* 2.4 2.1 114 OWL CREEK 8975 2.4 1.0 240 2.0 1.3 154 SOUTH PASS 9040 4.0 1.8 222* 4.9 2.5 196 ST. LAWRENCE ALT 8620 2.1 1.1 191 3.8 2.0 190 TOGWOTEE PASS 9580 4.2 3.0 140 4.3 3.3 130 TOWNSEND CREEK 8700 3.4 1.3 262 4.9 2.4 204 YOUNTS PEAK 8350 2.1 1.7 124* 2.2 2.2 100 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 177 158 SHOSHONE RIVER BASIN (WYOMING) BLACKWATER 9780 4.3 3.5 123 3.8 3.1 123 EVENING STAR 9200 4.8 3.2 150* 5.7 3.3 173 MARQUETTE 8760 2.8 2.2 127 3.0 2.6 115 SYLVAN LAKE 8420 1.4 2.4 58* 3.1 3.0 103 SYLVAN ROAD 7120 .0 .7 0* 2.6 2.5 104 YOUNTS PEAK 8350 2.1 1.7 124* 2.2 2.2 100 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 112* 122 BIGHORN RIVER BASIN (WYOMING) BALD MTN. 9380 3.9 3.2 122 3.3 2.8 118 BEAR TRAP MEADOW 8200 1.3 .7 186 2.2 2.0 110 BLACKWATER 9780 4.3 3.5 123 3.8 3.1 123 BONE SPRINGS DIV 9350 3.2 2.9 110 3.1 2.8 111 EVENING STAR 9200 4.8 3.2 150* 5.7 3.3 173 GRAVE SPRINGS 8550 2.5 1.5 167 3.6 2.3 157 KIRWIN 9550 2.9 2.3 126 2.5 2.1 119 MARQUETTE 8760 2.8 2.2 127 3.0 2.6 115 MIDDLE POWDER 7760 2.6 1.6 163 3.2 3.0 107 OWL CREEK 8975 2.4 1.0 240 2.0 1.3 154 POWDER RIVER PASS 9480 2.1 1.5 140 2.5 2.2 114 SHELL CREEK 9580 3.5 3.0 117 3.0 2.3 130 SYLVAN LAKE 8420 1.4 2.4 58* 3.1 3.0 103 SYLVAN ROAD 7120 .0 .7 0* 2.6 2.5 104 TIMBER CREEK 7950 1.2 1.4 86 2.5 1.8 139 YOUNTS PEAK 8350 2.1 1.7 124* 2.2 2.2 100 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 125 123 TONGUE RIVER BASIN (WYOMING) BIG GOOSE 7990 1.7 1.0 170* 3.2 2.3 139 BONE SPRINGS DIV 9350 3.2 2.9 110 3.1 2.8 111 BURGESS JUNCTION 7880 3.0 1.9 158 3.7 2.5 148 DOME LAKE 8880 2.3 2.2 105 3.2 2.8 114 SUCKER CREEK 8880 3.5 1.7 206 4.2 2.7 156 TIE CREEK 6870 1.1 1.0 110 4.0 2.7 148 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 138 135 POWDER RIVER BASIN (WYOMING) BEAR TRAP MEADOW 8200 1.3 .7 186 2.2 2.0 110 CLOUD PEAK RESERVOIR 9860 3.3 1.9 174 3.3 3.0 110 GRAVE SPRINGS 8550 2.5 1.5 167 3.6 2.3 157 HANSEN SAWMILL 8360 1.3 1.0 130 2.2 2.1 105 MIDDLE POWDER 7760 2.6 1.6 163 3.2 3.0 107 POWDER RIVER PASS 9480 2.1 1.5 140 2.5 2.2 114 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 160 116 LOWER YELLOWSTONE RIVER BASIN BALD MTN. 9380 3.9 3.2 122 3.3 2.8 118 BEAR TRAP MEADOW 8200 1.3 .7 186 2.2 2.0 110 BIG GOOSE 7990 1.7 1.0 170* 3.2 2.3 139 BLACKWATER 9780 4.3 3.5 123 3.8 3.1 123 BONE SPRINGS DIV 9350 3.2 2.9 110 3.1 2.8 111 BURGESS JUNCTION 7880 3.0 1.9 158 3.7 2.5 148 BURROUGHS CREEK 8750 2.9 1.2 242* 2.9 2.0 145 CLOUD PEAK RESERVOIR 9860 3.3 1.9 174 3.3 3.0 110 COLD SPRINGS 9630 2.5 1.3 192 3.0 2.2 136 DEER PARK 9700 4.6 3.0 153 5.7 3.0 190 DOME LAKE 8880 2.3 2.2 105 3.2 2.8 114 EVENING STAR 9200 4.8 3.2 150* 5.7 3.3 173 GRAVE SPRINGS 8550 2.5 1.5 167 3.6 2.3 157 HANSEN SAWMILL 8360 1.3 1.0 130 2.2 2.1 105 HOBBS PARK 10100 5.1 2.6 196 4.9 2.5 196 KIRWIN 9550 2.9 2.3 126 2.5 2.1 119 LITTLE WARM 9370 1.9 1.2 158* 2.4 2.1 114 MARQUETTE 8760 2.8 2.2 127 3.0 2.6 115 MIDDLE POWDER 7760 2.6 1.6 163 3.2 3.0 107 OWL CREEK 8975 2.4 1.0 240 2.0 1.3 154 POWDER RIVER PASS 9480 2.1 1.5 140 2.5 2.2 114 SHELL CREEK 9580 3.5 3.0 117 3.0 2.3 130 SOUTH PASS 9040 4.0 1.8 222* 4.9 2.5 196 ST. LAWRENCE ALT 8620 2.1 1.1 191 3.8 2.0 190 SUCKER CREEK 8880 3.5 1.7 206 4.2 2.7 156 SYLVAN LAKE 8420 1.4 2.4 58* 3.1 3.0 103 SYLVAN ROAD 7120 .0 .7 0* 2.6 2.5 104 TIE CREEK 6870 1.1 1.0 110 4.0 2.7 148 TIMBER CREEK 7950 1.2 1.4 86 2.5 1.8 139 TOGWOTEE PASS 9580 4.2 3.0 140 4.3 3.3 130 TOWNSEND CREEK 8700 3.4 1.3 262 4.9 2.4 204 YOUNTS PEAK 8350 2.1 1.7 124* 2.2 2.2 100 ----- ----- Basin wide percent of average 147 137 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- -M = Missing data * = Data may not provide a valid measure of conditions. Units = inches for the Current and Average Snow Water Equivalent and Total Precipitation values If the Basin wide percent of average value is flagged as potentially invalid, care should be taken to evaluate if the value is representative of conditions in the basin. The SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT Percent of Average represents the snow water equivalent found at selected SNOTEL sites in or near the basin compared to the average value for those sites on this day. The TOTAL PRECIPITATION Percent of Average represents the total precipitation (beginning October 1st) found at selected SNOTEL sites in or near the basin compared to the average value for those sites on this day. Contact your state water supply staff for assistance. Reference period for average conditions is 1971-2000. Provisional data, subject to revision.